Microsoft Certified: DevOps Engineer Expert (AZ-400) Practice Test
Microsoft Certified: DevOps Engineer Expert (AZ-400) के लिए अपना आत्मविश्वास बढ़ाएँ। अवधारणाओं का अभ्यास करें, उत्तरों को समझें और हर सवाल के साथ अपना ज्ञान मज़बूत करें।
एक नमूना सवाल आज़माएँपरीक्षा का परिचय और विवरण
माइक्रोसॉफ्ट सर्टिफाइड: DevOps इंजीनियर एक्सपर्ट (AZ-400) सर्टिफिकेशन एक संगठन के लिए DevOps प्रथाओं को डिज़ाइन और इम्प्लीमेंट करने के लिए आवश्यक उन्नत तकनीकी कौशलों को मान्य करता है। यह विशेषज्ञ-स्तर का सर्टिफिकेट पेशेवरों की क्षमता दर्शाता है कि वे लोगों, प्रक्रियाओं, और तकनीकों को संयोजित करके continuously valuable products और services deliver करें, जो end-user needs और business objectives को पूरा करें। इस सर्टिफिकेशन के धारक collaboration, code, infrastructure, source control, security, compliance, और continuous integration, delivery, monitoring, और feedback के लिए strategies डिज़ाइन करने में निपुण होते हैं, जो development और operations teams को एकीकृत करने, प्रक्रियाओं को automate करने, और application lifecycle में efficiency, reliability, और security में सुधार करने की गहरी समझ प्रदान करता है।
नमूना प्रश्न
अभ्यास कैसे काम करता है, यह जानने के लिए एक उत्तर चुनें और व्याख्या देखें।
You are designing a Git branching strategy for a team developing a SaaS application with monthly feature releases and hotfix deployments. The team needs to maintain a stable main branch while allowing parallel development of multiple features. Which Git branching strategy should you recommend to minimize merge conflicts while ensuring code quality?
A new API program needs living documentation for architecture decisions and pipeline ownership. The team wants diagrams stored with the project and rendered in the portal. Which recommendation best meets the requirement with the least operational risk?
A secret-scanning alert indicates a token was pushed, then immediately deleted in a later commit. Which recommendation best meets the requirement with the least operational risk?
Your organization uses Git in Azure Repos with a main branch for production-ready code. You need to enforce that all changes to the main branch are made via pull requests that pass a successful build and require at least one reviewer. Which two Git policies must you configure on the main branch?
Contoso Retail Contoso has a multi-service .NET application. Their Azure DevOps YAML pipeline builds the solution and runs unit tests in a single job. They now need to deploy the application to a Development environment for integration testing, and only upon successful testing, deploy to a Production environment. The Production deployment must be manually approved.
Based on the scenario, which YAML pipeline structure should you recommend to meet the new requirements?
करियर के अवसर और वेतन
जब तक लोकल रेंज न दिखे, ये US मार्केट के आंकड़े हैं।
इस परीक्षा में क्या शामिल है
पढ़ाई की योजना बनाने के लिए प्रकाशित डोमेन भार का उपयोग करें। अभ्यास के परिणाम आपके सर्टिफिकेशन परीक्षा के स्कोर का अनुमान नहीं हैं।
01Design and implement build and release pipelines
विषय
- Design and implement a package management strategy
- Design and implement a testing strategy for pipelines
- Design and implement pipelines
- Design and implement deployments
- Design and implement infrastructure as code (IaC)
- Maintain pipelines
सीखने के उद्देश्य
- Design and implement a package management strategy: Recommend package management tools including GitHub Packages and Azure Artifacts; Design and implement package feeds and views for local and upstream packages; Design and implement a dependency versioning strategy for code assets and packages, including semantic versioning (SemVer) and date-based (CalVer); Design and implement a versioning strategy for pipeline artifacts
- Design and implement a testing strategy for pipelines: Design and implement quality and release gates, including security and governance; Design a comprehensive testing strategy, including local tests, unit tests, integration tests, and load tests; Implement tests in a pipeline, including configuring test tasks, configuring test agents, and integration of test results; Implement code coverage analysis
- Design and implement pipelines: Select a deployment automation solution, including GitHub Actions and Azure Pipelines; Design and implement a GitHub runner or Azure DevOps agent infrastructure, including cost, tool selection, licenses, connectivity, and maintainability; Design and implement integration between GitHub repositories and Azure Pipelines; Develop and implement pipeline trigger rules; Develop pipelines by using YAML; Design and implement a strategy for job execution order, including parallelism and multi-stage pipelines; Develop and implement complex pipeline scenarios, such as hybrid pipelines, VM templates, and self-hosted runners or agents; Create reusable pipeline elements, including YAML templates, task groups, variables, and variable groups; Design and implement checks and approvals by using YAML-based environments
- Design and implement deployments: Design a deployment strategy, including blue-green, canary, ring, progressive exposure, feature flags, and A/B testing; Design a pipeline to ensure that dependency deployments are reliably ordered; Plan for minimizing downtime during deployments by using load balancing, rolling deployments, and deployment slot usage and swap; Design a hotfix path plan for responding to high-priority code fixes; Design and implement a resiliency strategy for deployment; Implement feature flags by using Azure App Configuration Feature Manager; Implement application deployment by using containers, binaries, and scripts; Implement a deployment that includes database tasks
- Design and implement infrastructure as code (IaC): Recommend a configuration management technology for application infrastructure; Implement a configuration management strategy for application infrastructure; Define an IaC strategy, including source control and automation of testing and deployment; Design and implement desired state configuration for environments, including Azure Automation State Configuration, Azure Resource Manager, Bicep, and Azure Machine Configuration; Design and implement Azure Deployment Environments for on-demand self-deployment
- Maintain pipelines: Monitor pipeline health, including failure rate, duration, and flaky tests; Optimize a pipeline for cost, time, performance, and reliability; Optimize pipeline concurrency for performance and cost; Design and implement a retention strategy for pipeline artifacts and dependencies; Migrate a pipeline from classic to YAML in Azure Pipelines
02Design and implement a source control strategy
विषय
- Design and implement branching strategies for the source code
- Configure and manage repositories
सीखने के उद्देश्य
- Design and implement branching strategies for the source code: Design a branch strategy, including trunk-based, feature branch, and release branch; Design and implement a pull request workflow by using branch policies and branch protection rules; Implement branch merging restrictions by using branch policies and branch protection rules
- Configure and manage repositories: Design and implement a strategy for managing large files, including Git Large File Storage (LFS) and git-fat; Design a strategy for scaling and optimizing a Git repository, including Scalar and cross-repository sharing; Configure permissions in the source control repository; Configure tags to organize the source control repository; Recover specific data by using Git commands; Remove specific data from source control
03Design and implement processes and communications
विषय
- Design and implement traceability and flow of work
- Design and implement appropriate metrics and queries for DevOps
- Configure collaboration and communication
सीखने के उद्देश्य
- Design and implement traceability and flow of work: Design and implement a structure for the flow of work, including GitHub Flow; Design and implement a strategy for feedback cycles, including notifications and GitHub issues; Design and implement integration for tracking work, including GitHub projects, Azure Boards, and repositories; Design and implement source, bug, and quality traceability
- Design and implement appropriate metrics and queries for DevOps: Design and implement a dashboard, including flow of work, such as cycle times, time to recovery, and lead time; Design and implement appropriate metrics and queries for project planning; Design and implement appropriate metrics and queries for development; Design and implement appropriate metrics and queries for testing; Design and implement appropriate metrics and queries for security; Design and implement appropriate metrics and queries for delivery; Design and implement appropriate metrics and queries for operations
- Configure collaboration and communication: Document a project by configuring wikis and process diagrams, including Markdown and Mermaid syntax; Configure release documentation, including release notes and API documentation; Automate creation of documentation from Git history; Configure integration by using webhooks; Configure integration between Azure Boards and GitHub repositories; Configure integration between GitHub or Azure DevOps and Microsoft Teams
04Develop a security and compliance plan
विषय
- Design and implement authentication and authorization methods
- Design and implement a strategy for managing sensitive information in automation
- Automate security and compliance scanning
सीखने के उद्देश्य
- Design and implement authentication and authorization methods: Choose between Microsoft Entra service principals and managed identities for Azure resources (system-assigned and user-assigned); Implement and manage GitHub authentication, including GitHub Apps, GITHUB_TOKEN, and personal access tokens; Implement and manage Azure DevOps service connections and personal access tokens; Design and implement permissions and roles in GitHub; Design and implement permissions and security groups in Azure DevOps; Recommend appropriate access levels, including stakeholder access in Azure DevOps and outside collaborator access in GitHub; Configure projects and teams in Azure DevOps
- Design and implement a strategy for managing sensitive information in automation: Implement and manage secrets, keys, and certificates by using Azure Key Vault; Implement and manage secrets and secretless authentication (for example, workload identity federation/OpenID Connect) in GitHub Actions and Azure Pipelines; Design and implement a strategy for managing sensitive files during deployment, including Azure Pipelines secure files; Design pipelines to prevent leakage of sensitive information
- Automate security and compliance scanning: Design a strategy for security and compliance scanning, including dependency, code, secret, and licensing scanning; Configure Microsoft Defender for Cloud DevOps Security; Configure GitHub Advanced Security for both GitHub and Azure DevOps; Integrate GitHub Advanced Security with Microsoft Defender for Cloud; Automate container scanning, including scanning container images and configuring an action to run CodeQL analysis in a container; Automate analysis of licensing, vulnerabilities, and versioning of open-source components by using Dependabot alerts
05Implement an instrumentation strategy
विषय
- Configure monitoring for a DevOps environment
- Analyze metrics from instrumentation
सीखने के उद्देश्य
- Configure monitoring for a DevOps environment: Configure Azure Monitor and Azure Monitor Logs to integrate with DevOps tools; Configure collection of telemetry by using Application Insights, VM Insights, Container Insights, Azure Monitor for Storage, and Azure Monitor for Networks; Configure monitoring in GitHub, including enabling insights and creating and configuring charts; Configure alerts for events in GitHub Actions and Azure Pipelines
- Analyze metrics from instrumentation: Inspect infrastructure performance indicators, including CPU, memory, disk, and network; Analyze metrics by using collected telemetry, including usage and application performance; Inspect distributed tracing by using Application Insights; Interrogate logs using basic Kusto Query Language (KQL) queries